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つづき

Following this strategy, a proof of Fermat's Last Theorem required two steps.
First, it was necessary to prove the modularity theorem ? or at least to prove it for the types of elliptical curves that included Frey's equation (known as semistable elliptic curves).
This was widely believed inaccessible to proof by contemporary mathematicians.[121]:203?205, 223, 226
Second, it was necessary to show that Frey's intuition was correct: that if an elliptic curve were constructed in this way, using a set of numbers that were a solution of Fermat's equation, the resulting elliptic curve could not be modular.
Frey showed that this was plausible but did not go as far as giving a full proof.
The missing piece (the so-called "epsilon conjecture", now known as Ribet's theorem) was identified by Jean-Pierre Serre who also gave an almost-complete proof and the link suggested by Frey was finally proved in 1986 by Ken Ribet.[124]
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