>>463 補足

常識だが、一言
ラッセルのパラドックスの解消と、ZFC（一階述語論理）は関連している

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%80%E9%9A%8E%E8%BF%B0%E8%AA%9E%E8%AB%96%E7%90%86
一階述語論理
一階述語論理の表現力
現代の標準的な集合論の公理系 ZFC は一階述語論理を用いて形式化されており、数学の大部分はそのように形式化された ZFC の中で行うことができる。

https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%83%83%E3%82%BB%E3%83%AB%E3%81%AE%E3%83%91%E3%83%A9%E3%83%89%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B9
ラッセルのパラドックス（和文はあまり参考にならないが貼る。基本は下記の英文ご参照）

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russell%27s_paradox
Russell's paradox

Two influential ways of avoiding the paradox were both proposed in 1908: Russell's own type theory and the Zermelo set theory. In particular, Zermelo's axioms restricted the unlimited comprehension principle. With the additional contributions of Abraham Fraenkel, Zermelo set theory developed into the now-standard Zermelo?Fraenkel set theory (commonly known as ZFC when including the axiom of choice). The main difference between Russell's and Zermelo's solution to the paradox is that Zermelo modified the axioms of set theory while maintaining a standard logical language, while Russell modified the logical language itself. The language of ZFC, with the help of Thoralf Skolem, turned out to be that of first-order logic.[6]

Set-theoretic responses
Modifications to this axiomatic theory proposed in the 1920s by Abraham Fraenkel, Thoralf Skolem, and by Zermelo himself resulted in the axiomatic set theory called ZFC. This theory became widely accepted once Zermelo's axiom of choice ceased to be controversial, and ZFC has remained the canonical axiomatic set theory down to the present day.

つづく